1. 新一代制造生产在德国称为工业4.0,在其它地方则称为智能制造系统。请参见:Securing the future of German manufacturing industry, Recommendations for implementing the strategic initiative INDUSTRIE 4.0, Final report of the Industrie 4.0 Working Group,Industry 4.0 Working Group, Acatech National Academy of Science and Engineering, April 2013, http://www.acatech.de/fileadmin/ ... _4.0_accessible.pdf。下文中统称为工业4.0。尽管工业4.0报告针对的是德国,但德国研究和调查的意义被其它国家的工业领域广泛认可。请参见:Ferber, Stefan, “Industry 4.0 – Germany takes the first steps toward the next industrial revolution,” Bosch Software Group, Blogging theInternet of Things, October 16, 2013, http://blog.bosch-si.com/industr ... ustrial-revolution/。
3. Industrie 4.0, pg. 62 says, “Together with the private sector, it [manufacturing industry] is also the principal consumer of primary energy and electricity…Consequently, industry is undertaking major efforts to reduce its consumption of energy and resources or find alternative sources.”