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- UID
- 1023166
- 性别
- 男
- 来自
- 燕山大学
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关键词： LCD , S3C2440 , 字符
LCD字符显示有两种方式，一个是通过字模提取软件，将字符转化成一个字节型的数组，另一个是使用字库。如果字符较多的时候，直接使用字库比较方便。现在说一下中英文字符的存储结构和编码方式。中英文的字符点阵结构有4*8，8*16，16*16，24*24，32*32，48*48等结构形势，不同点阵汉字的字体又有宋体，仿宋体，黑体，楷体等之分。在计算机中，相同点阵结构和相同字体的字符存放在同一字库中。本文使用的是16*16的宋体。16*16的点阵字库中，字符的信息结构采用以行排列的形式，共有16行，每行有16个点，分别存放在两个字节内。因此每个字符共占用16*16/2=32个字节。字节的存放顺序为从左到右，从上到下。将汉字变成字符模式，使用16*16个像素表示一个汉字。在字模提取的过程中，还要注意取模的顺序，顺序不同，得到的数组就不同，一般式从左向右，从上到下。取模方式，逐行式。ASCII型字符的宽度是汉字的一半，即8。
#define rGPCCON (*(volatile unsigned *)0x56000020)
#define rGPCUP (*(volatile unsigned *)0x56000028)
#define rGPDCON (*(volatile unsigned *)0x56000030)
#define rGPDUP (*(volatile unsigned *)0x56000038)
#define rLCDCON1 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d000000)
#define rLCDCON2 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d000004)
#define rLCDCON3 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d000008)
#define rLCDCON4 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d00000c)
#define rLCDCON5 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d000010)
#define rLCDSADDR1 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d000014)
#define rLCDSADDR2 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d000018)
#define rLCDSADDR3 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d00001c)
#define rLCDINTMSK (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d00005c)
#define rTPAL (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d000050)
#define rGPGCON (*(volatile unsigned *)0x56000060) //Port G control
#define rGPGDAT (*(volatile unsigned *)0x56000064) //Port G data
#define rGPGUP (*(volatile unsigned *)0x56000068) //Pull-up control G
#define rLCDINTMSK (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d00005c)
#define rTCONSEL (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d000060) //LPC3600 Control --- edited by junon
//垂直同步信号的脉宽、后肩和前肩
#define VSPW 15
#define VBPD 3
#define VFPD 5
//水平同步信号的脉宽、后肩和前肩
#define HSPW 8
#define HBPD 58
#define HFPD 15
#define CLKVAL 10
#define HOZVAL 319
#define LINEVAL 239
#define PWREN 1
#define MMODE 0
#define PNRMODE 3
#define BPPMODE 13
#define INVVCLK 0
#define INVVD 0
#define INVVDEN 0
#define U32 unsigned int
#define M5D(n) ((n) & 0x1fffff)
#define PAGEWIDTH 320
#define OFFSIZE 0
#define LCD_XSIZE 320
#define LCD_YSIZE 240
#define SCR_XSIZE 320
#define SCR_YSIZE 240
#define INVVLINE 1
#define INVVFRAME 1
#define BPP24BL 0
#define BSWP 0
#define HWSWP 0
volatile U32 LCD_BUFFER[240][320];
unsigned char li[]={
0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x7F,0xFC,0x03,0x80,0x05,0x40,0x09,0x30,0x31,0x0E,0xDF,0xE4,
0x00,0x80,0x01,0x00,0x7F,0xFE,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x05,0x00,0x02,0x00}; //"李",0
unsigned char wan[]={
0x00,0x00,0x7F,0xFE,0x02,0x00,0x02,0x00,0x02,0x10,0x03,0xF8,0x02,0x10,0x04,0x10,
0x04,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x08,0x10,0x08,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x20,0xE0,0x40,0x40,0x00,0x00}; //"万",1
unsigned char peng[]={
0x00,0x10,0x77,0x20,0x55,0x7C,0x55,0x64,0x77,0x54,0x55,0x54,0x55,0x4C,0x55,0x40,
0x77,0x7E,0x55,0x02,0x55,0x02,0x55,0xFA,0x55,0x02,0xB9,0x14,0x13,0x08,0x00,0x00}; //"鹏",2
unsigned char L[]={0X00,0X00,0X00,0XE0,0X40,0X40,0X40,0X40,0X40,0X40,0X40,0X40,0X42,0XFE,0X00,0X00}; //L
unsigned char I[]={0X00,0X00,0X00,0X7C,0X10,0X10,0X10,0X10,0X10,0X10,0X10,0X10,0X10,0X7C,0X00,0X00}; //I
unsigned char N[]={0X00,0X00,0X00,0XC7,0X62,0X62,0X52,0X52,0X4A,0X4A,0X4A,0X46,0X46,0XE2,0X00,0X00}; //N
unsigned char U[]={0X00,0X00,0X00,0XE7,0X42,0X42,0X42,0X42,0X42,0X42,0X42,0X42,0X42,0X3C,0X00,0X00}; //U
unsigned char X[]={0X00,0X00,0X00,0XE7,0X42,0X24,0X24,0X18,0X18,0X18,0X24,0X24,0X42,0XE7,0X00,0X00}; //X
unsigned char AND[]={0X00,0X00,0X00,0X30,0X48,0X48,0X48,0X50,0X6E,0XA4,0X94,0X88,0X89,0X76,0X00,0X00}; //&
unsigned char A[]={0X00,0X00,0X00,0X10,0X10,0X18,0X28,0X28,0X24,0X3C,0X44,0X42,0X42,0XE7,0X00,0X00}; //A
unsigned char R[]={0X00,0X00,0X00,0XFC,0X42,0X42,0X42,0X7C,0X48,0X48,0X44,0X44,0X42,0XE3,0X00,0X00}; //R
unsigned char M[]={0X00,0X00,0X00,0XEE,0X6C,0X6C,0X6C,0X6C,0X54,0X54,0X54,0X54,0X54,0XD6,0X00,0X00}; //M
void Init_LCD(){
rLCDCON1=(CLKVAL＜＜8)|(MMODE＜＜7)|(PNRMODE＜＜5)|(BPPMODE＜＜1)|0; //设置CLKVAL，VCLK=HCLK/[(CLKVAL+1)*2],决定VM的触发方式，选择显示模式和BPP模式，暂时不要开启LCD，因为还没有设置好
rLCDCON2=(VBPD＜＜24)|(LINEVAL＜＜14)|(VFPD＜＜6)|(VSPW); //rLCDCON2，rLCDCON3和rLCDCON4主要设置时序
rLCDCON3=(HBPD＜＜19)|(HOZVAL＜＜8)|(HFPD);
rLCDCON4=(HSPW);
rLCDCON5 = (BPP24BL＜＜12) | (INVVCLK＜＜10) | (INVVLINE＜＜9) | (INVVFRAME＜＜8) | (0＜＜7) | (INVVDEN＜＜6) | (PWREN＜＜3) |(BSWP＜＜1) | (HWSWP); //INVVLINE和INVVFRAME需要进行翻转，因为CPU发出的是正脉冲，LCD使用的是负脉冲，所以要改变极性，PWREN使能电源信号
rLCDSADDR1=(((U32)LCD_BUFFER＞＞22)＜＜21)|M5D((U32)LCD_BUFFER＞＞1);
rLCDSADDR2=M5D(((U32)LCD_BUFFER+(SCR_XSIZE*SCR_YSIZE*4))＞＞1 );
rLCDSADDR3=PAGEWIDTH*32/16;
rLCDINTMSK|=(3);
rTCONSEL = 0;
rGPCUP = 0x0;
rGPDCON = 0xaaaaaaaa;
rGPCCON = 0xaaaa02a9;
rGPDUP = 0x0;
rGPGUP=rGPGUP&("(1＜＜4))|(1＜＜4);
rGPGCON=rGPGCON&("(3＜＜8))|(3＜＜8);
rLCDCON1 |= 1; //使能数据输出和LCD控制信号
}
void Paint_text(U32 x, U32 y, U32 color, unsigned char ch[]){
int i, j, test, s, t = 0;
for(i = 0; i ＜ 16; i++){
test = 0x80;
for(j = 0; j ＜ 16; j++){
if(j == 8){
test = 0x80;
t++;
}
if(ch[t] & test)
LCD_BUFFER[x+i][y+j] = color;
test ＞＞= 1;
}
t++;
}
}
void Paint_text_8(U32 x, U32 y, U32 color, unsigned char ch[]){
int i, j, test;
for(i = 0; i ＜ 16; i++){
test = 0x80;
for(j = 0; j ＜ 8; j++){
if(test & ch[ i])
LCD_BUFFER[x+i][y+j] = color;
test ＞＞= 1;
}
}
}
void Paint_background(U32 c){
unsigned int i, j;
for(j = 0; j ＜ LCD_YSIZE; j++)
for(i = 0; i ＜ LCD_XSIZE; i++)
LCD_BUFFER[j][ i] = c;
}
int LcdMain(){
Init_LCD();
Paint_background(0xFFFFFF);
Paint_text(100,100,0x000000,li);
Paint_text(100,116,0x000000,wan);
Paint_text(100,132,0x000000,peng);
Paint_text_8(116,100,0x000000,L);
Paint_text_8(116,108,0x000000,I);
Paint_text_8(116,116,0x000000,N);
Paint_text_8(116,124,0x000000,U);
Paint_text_8(116,132,0x000000,X);
Paint_text_8(116,140,0x000000,AND);
Paint_text_8(116,148,0x000000,A);
Paint_text_8(116,156,0x000000,R);
Paint_text_8(116,164,0x000000,M);
while(1);
}
如果使用字库，每个汉字的地址由两个字节表示。一个是区号，一个是区中的位置，即位号。16*16的点阵字库中，每个字符占32个字节，每94个字符为一个区，共87个区，其中1"15区为常用符号区（包括数字0"9及大小写英文字母），16"86为常用汉字，其排列是以汉语拼音为序，从一声到四声，第87区为生僻汉字。汉字的起始地址是0xA1A1，A1+94=255，所以一个区有94个字符。区和位的起始号都是1，数组是从0开始，所以如果想在字库中定位一个字符，（94*（qu-1）+wei）*32。如果中文字符和ASCII码混合在一样，如何区分它们呢？其实也很简单，ASCII码的最高位是0，而中文的最高位是1，因此当读取到的一个字节的最高位是0，则该字节为ASCII码，它的下一个字节与这个字节无关；当取得到的字节的最高位是1，则表示的是中文字符，并且该字节与它的下一个字节组合在一起表示完整的一个汉字。
#include "Font_Libs.h"
#define rGPCCON (*(volatile unsigned *)0x56000020)
#define rGPCUP (*(volatile unsigned *)0x56000028)
#define rGPDCON (*(volatile unsigned *)0x56000030)
#define rGPDUP (*(volatile unsigned *)0x56000038)
#define rLCDCON1 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d000000)
#define rLCDCON2 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d000004)
#define rLCDCON3 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d000008)
#define rLCDCON4 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d00000c)
#define rLCDCON5 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d000010)
#define rLCDSADDR1 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d000014)
#define rLCDSADDR2 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d000018)
#define rLCDSADDR3 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d00001c)
#define rLCDINTMSK (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d00005c)
#define rTPAL (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d000050)
#define rGPGCON (*(volatile unsigned *)0x56000060) //Port G control
#define rGPGDAT (*(volatile unsigned *)0x56000064) //Port G data
#define rGPGUP (*(volatile unsigned *)0x56000068) //Pull-up control G
#define rLCDINTMSK (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d00005c)
#define rTCONSEL (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d000060) //LPC3600 Control --- edited by junon
//垂直同步信号的脉宽、后肩和前肩
#define VSPW 15
#define VBPD 3
#define VFPD 5
//水平同步信号的脉宽、后肩和前肩
#define HSPW 8
#define HBPD 58
#define HFPD 15
#define CLKVAL 10
#define HOZVAL 319
#define LINEVAL 239
#define PWREN 1
#define MMODE 0
#define PNRMODE 3
#define BPPMODE 13
#define INVVCLK 0
#define INVVD 0
#define INVVDEN 0
#define U32 unsigned int
#define M5D(n) ((n) & 0x1fffff)
#define PAGEWIDTH 320
#define OFFSIZE 0
#define LCD_XSIZE 320
#define LCD_YSIZE 240
#define SCR_XSIZE 320
#define SCR_YSIZE 240
#define INVVLINE 1
#define INVVFRAME 1
#define BPP24BL 0
#define BSWP 0
#define HWSWP 0
volatile U32 LCD_BUFFER[240][320];
void Init_LCD(){
rLCDCON1=(CLKVAL＜＜8)|(MMODE＜＜7)|(PNRMODE＜＜5)|(BPPMODE＜＜1)|0; //设置CLKVAL，VCLK=HCLK/[(CLKVAL+1)*2],决定VM的触发方式，选择显示模式和BPP模式，暂时不要开启LCD，因为还没有设置好
rLCDCON2=(VBPD＜＜24)|(LINEVAL＜＜14)|(VFPD＜＜6)|(VSPW); //rLCDCON2，rLCDCON3和rLCDCON4主要设置时序
rLCDCON3=(HBPD＜＜19)|(HOZVAL＜＜8)|(HFPD);
rLCDCON4=(HSPW);
rLCDCON5 = (BPP24BL＜＜12) | (INVVCLK＜＜10) | (INVVLINE＜＜9) | (INVVFRAME＜＜8) | (0＜＜7) | (INVVDEN＜＜6) | (PWREN＜＜3) |(BSWP＜＜1) | (HWSWP); //INVVLINE和INVVFRAME需要进行翻转，因为CPU发出的是正脉冲，LCD使用的是负脉冲，所以要改变极性，PWREN使能电源信号
rLCDSADDR1=(((U32)LCD_BUFFER＞＞22)＜＜21)|M5D((U32)LCD_BUFFER＞＞1);
rLCDSADDR2=M5D(((U32)LCD_BUFFER+(SCR_XSIZE*SCR_YSIZE*4))＞＞1 );
rLCDSADDR3=PAGEWIDTH*32/16;
rLCDINTMSK|=(3);
rTCONSEL = 0;
rGPCUP = 0x0;
rGPDCON = 0xaaaaaaaa;
rGPCCON = 0xaaaa02a9;
rGPDUP = 0x0;
rGPGUP=rGPGUP&("(1＜＜4))|(1＜＜4);
rGPGCON=rGPGCON&("(3＜＜8))|(3＜＜8);
rLCDCON1 |= 1; //使能数据输出和LCD控制信号
}
void Paint_text16(U32 x, U32 y, U32 color, unsigned char ch[]){
int i, j, test, t = 0;
for(i = 0; i ＜ 16; i++){
test = 0x80;
for(j = 0; j ＜ 16; j++){
if(j == 8){
test = 0x80;
t++;
}
if(ch[t] & test)
LCD_BUFFER[x+i][y+j] = color;
test ＞＞= 1;
}
t++;
}
}
void Paint_Ascii(U32 x, U32 y, U32 color, unsigned char ch[]){
int i, j, test;
for(i = 0; i ＜ 16; i++){
test = 0x80;
for(j = 0; j ＜ 8; j++){
if(test & ch[ i])
LCD_BUFFER[x+i][y+j] = color;
test ＞＞= 1;
}
}
}
void Paint_background(U32 c){
unsigned int i, j;
for(j = 0; j ＜ LCD_YSIZE; j++)
for(i = 0; i ＜ LCD_XSIZE; i++)
LCD_BUFFER[j][ i] = c;
}
int LcdMain(){
int qu, wei, i, test = 0x80, t;
unsigned char * head;
unsigned char fuck[] = "李万鹏专注于linux+arm";
Init_LCD();
Paint_background(0xFFFFFF);
for(i = 0,t = 0; i ＜ sizeof(fuck); i++){
if(test & fuck[ i]){
qu = fuck[ i] - 0xA0;
wei = fuck[i+1] - 0xA0;
head = &__HZK[((qu-1)*94+wei-1)*32];
Paint_text16(100, 100+t*16, 0x000000, head);
i++;
}
else{
head = &__ASCII[fuck[ i]*16];
Paint_Ascii(100, 100+i*8 , 0x000000, head);
}
t++;
}
while(1);
}
李万鹏 |
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