因为Linux是工作在保护模式下,所以用户态进程是无法象DOS那样使用显卡BIOS里提供的中断调用来实现直接写屏,故Linux抽象出FrameBuffer这个设备来供用户态进程实现直接写屏。
在继续下面的之前,先说明几个背景知识: 1、FrameBuffer主要是根据VESA标准的实现的,所以只能实现最简单的功能。 2、由于涉及内核的问题,FrameBuffer是不允许在系统起来后修改显示模式等一系 列操作。(好象很多人都想要这样干,这是不被允许的,当然如果你自己与驱动的话,是可以实现的) 3、对FrameBuffer的操作,会直接影响到本机的所有控制台的输出,包括XWIN的图形界面。
好,现在可以让我们开始实现直接写屏: 1、打开一个FrameBuffer设备 2、通过mmap调用把显卡的物理内存空间映射到用户空间 3、直接写内存。
好象很简单哦~ fbtools.h
代码: #ifndef _FBTOOLS_H_ #define _FBTOOLS_H_
#include <linux/fb.h>
//a framebuffer device structure; typedef struct fbdev{ int fb; unsigned long fb_mem_offset; unsigned long fb_mem; struct fb_fix_screeninfo fb_fix; struct fb_var_screeninfo fb_var; char dev[20]; } FBDEV, *PFBDEV;
//open & init a frame buffer //to use this function, //you must set FBDEV.dev=\"/dev/fb0\" //or \"/dev/fbX\" //it\'s your frame buffer. int fb_open(PFBDEV pFbdev);
//close a frame buffer int fb_close(PFBDEV pFbdev);
//get display depth int get_display_depth(PFBDEV pFbdev);
//full screen clear void fb_memset(void *addr, int c, size_t len);
#endif
fbtools.c
代码: #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <string.h> #include <sys/ioctl.h> #include <sys/mman.h> #include <asm/page.h>
#include \"fbtools.h\"
#define TRUE 1 #define FALSE 0 #define MAX(x,y) ((x)>(y)?(x)y)) #define MIN(x,y) ((x)<(y)?(x)y))
//open & init a frame buffer int fb_open(PFBDEV pFbdev) { pFbdev->fb = open(pFbdev->dev, O_RDWR); if(pFbdev->fb < 0) { printf(\"Error opening %s: %m. Check kernel config\\", pFbdev->dev); return FALSE; } if (-1 == ioctl(pFbdev->fb,FBIOGET_VSCREENINFO,&(pFbdev->fb_var))) { printf(\"ioctl FBIOGET_VSCREENINFO\\n\"); return FALSE; } if (-1 == ioctl(pFbdev->fb,FBIOGET_FSCREENINFO,&(pFbdev->fb_fix))) { printf(\"ioctl FBIOGET_FSCREENINFO\\n\"); return FALSE; }
//map physics address to virtual address pFbdev->fb_mem_offset = (unsigned long)(pFbdev->fb_fix.smem_start) & (~PAGE_MASK); pFbdev->fb_mem = (unsigned long int)mmap(NULL, pFbdev->fb_fix.smem_len + pFbdev->fb_mem_offset, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, pFbdev->fb, 0); if (-1L == (long) pFbdev->fb_mem) { printf(\"mmap error! mem:%d offset:%d\\n\", pFbdev->fb_mem, pFbdev->fb_mem_offset); return FALSE; }
return TRUE; }
//close frame buffer int fb_close(PFBDEV pFbdev) { close(pFbdev->fb); pFbdev->fb=-1; }
//get display depth int get_display_depth(PFBDEV pFbdev); { if(pFbdev->fb<=0) { printf(\"fb device not open, open it first\\n\"); return FALSE; } return pFbdev->fb_var.bits_per_pixel; }
//full screen clear void fb_memset (void *addr, int c, size_t len) { memset(addr, c, len); }
//use by test #define DEBUG #ifdef DEBUG main() { FBDEV fbdev; memset(&fbdev, 0, sizeof(FBDEV)); strcpy(fbdev.dev, \"/dev/fb0\"); if(fb_open(&fbdev)==FALSE) { printf(\"open frame buffer error\\n\"); return; }
fb_memset(fbdev.fb_mem + fbdev.fb_mem_offset, 0, fbdev.fb_fix.smem_len);
fb_close(&fbdev); }
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