解析STM32启动过程

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yuchengze发表于 2017-6-22 17:03 | 只看该作者

解析STM32启动过程

相对于ARM上一代的主流ARM7/ARM9内核架构，新一代Cortex内核架构的启动方式有了比较大的变化。ARM7/ARM9内核的控制器在复位后，CPU会从存储
空间的绝对地址0x000000取出第一条指令执行复位中断服务程序的方式启动，即固定了复位后的起始地址为0x000000（PC = 0x000000）同时中断向量表
的位置并不是固定的。而Cortex-M3内核则正好相反，有3种情况:

1、通过boot引脚设置可以将中断向量表定位于SRAM区，即起始地址为0x2000000，同时复位后PC指针位于0x2000000处；
2、通过boot引脚设置可以将中断向量表定位于FLASH区，即起始地址为0x8000000，同时复位后PC指针位于0x8000000处；
3、通过boot引脚设置可以将中断向量表定位于内置Bootloader区，本文不对这种情况做论述；

而Cortex-M3内核规定，起始地址必须存放堆顶指针，而第二个地址则必须存放复位中断入口向量地址，这样在Cortex-M3内核复位后，会自动从起始地址
的下一个32位空间取出复位中断入口向量，跳转执行复位中断服务程序。对比ARM7/ARM9内核，Cortex-M3内核则是固定了中断向量表的位置而起始地址
是可变化的。
有了上述准备只是后，下面以STM32的2.02固件库提供的启动文件“stm32f10x_vector.s”为模板，对STM32的启动过程做一个简要而全面的解析。

程序清单一：

；文件“stm32f10x_vector.s”，其中注释为行号
DATA_IN_ExtSRAM EQU 0 ；1
Stack_Size EQU 0x00000400 ；2
AREA STACK, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN = 3 ；3
Stack_Mem SPACE Stack_Size ；4
__initial_sp ；5
Heap_Size EQU 0x00000400 ；6
AREA HEAP, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN = 3 ；7
__heap_base ；8
Heap_Mem SPACE Heap_Size ；9
__heap_limit ；10
THUMB ；11
PRESERVE8 ；12
IMPORT NMIException ；13
IMPORT HardFaultException ；14
IMPORT MemManageException ；15
IMPORT BusFaultException ；16
IMPORT UsageFaultException ；17
IMPORT SVCHandler ；18
IMPORT DebugMonitor ；19
IMPORT PendSVC ；20
IMPORT SysTickHandler ；21
IMPORT WWDG_IRQHandler ；22
IMPORT PVD_IRQHandler ；23
IMPORT TAMPER_IRQHandler ；24
IMPORT RTC_IRQHandler ；25
IMPORT FLASH_IRQHandler ；26
IMPORT RCC_IRQHandler ；27
IMPORT EXTI0_IRQHandler ；28
IMPORT EXTI1_IRQHandler ；29
IMPORT EXTI2_IRQHandler ；30
IMPORT EXTI3_IRQHandler ；31
IMPORT EXTI4_IRQHandler ；32
IMPORT DMA1_Channel1_IRQHandler ；33
IMPORT DMA1_Channel2_IRQHandler ；34
IMPORT DMA1_Channel3_IRQHandler ；35
IMPORT DMA1_Channel4_IRQHandler ；36
IMPORT DMA1_Channel5_IRQHandler ；37
IMPORT DMA1_Channel6_IRQHandler ；38
IMPORT DMA1_Channel7_IRQHandler ；39
IMPORT ADC1_2_IRQHandler ；40
IMPORT USB_HP_CAN_TX_IRQHandler ；41
IMPORT USB_LP_CAN_RX0_IRQHandler ；42
IMPORT CAN_RX1_IRQHandler ；43
IMPORT CAN_SCE_IRQHandler ；44
IMPORT EXTI9_5_IRQHandler ；45
IMPORT TIM1_BRK_IRQHandler ；46
IMPORT TIM1_UP_IRQHandler ；47
IMPORT TIM1_TRG_COM_IRQHandler ；48
IMPORT TIM1_CC_IRQHandler ；49
IMPORT TIM2_IRQHandler ；50
IMPORT TIM3_IRQHandler ；51
IMPORT TIM4_IRQHandler ；52
IMPORT I2C1_EV_IRQHandler ；53
IMPORT I2C1_ER_IRQHandler ；54
IMPORT I2C2_EV_IRQHandler ；55
IMPORT I2C2_ER_IRQHandler ；56
IMPORT SPI1_IRQHandler ；57
IMPORT SPI2_IRQHandler ；58
IMPORT USART1_IRQHandler ；59
IMPORT USART2_IRQHandler ；60
IMPORT USART3_IRQHandler ；61
IMPORT EXTI15_10_IRQHandler ；62
IMPORT RTCAlarm_IRQHandler ；63
IMPORT USBWakeUp_IRQHandler ；64
IMPORT TIM8_BRK_IRQHandler ；65
IMPORT TIM8_UP_IRQHandler ；66
IMPORT TIM8_TRG_COM_IRQHandler ；67
IMPORT TIM8_CC_IRQHandler ；68
IMPORT ADC3_IRQHandler ；69
IMPORT FSMC_IRQHandler ；70
IMPORT SDIO_IRQHandler ；71
IMPORT TIM5_IRQHandler ；72
IMPORT SPI3_IRQHandler ；73
IMPORT UART4_IRQHandler ；74
IMPORT UART5_IRQHandler ；75
IMPORT TIM6_IRQHandler ；76
IMPORT TIM7_IRQHandler ；77
IMPORT DMA2_Channel1_IRQHandler ；78
IMPORT DMA2_Channel2_IRQHandler ；79
IMPORT DMA2_Channel3_IRQHandler ；80
IMPORT DMA2_Channel4_5_IRQHandler ；81
AREA RESET, DATA, READONLY ；82
EXPORT __Vectors ；83
__Vectors ；84
DCD __initial_sp ；85
DCD Reset_Handler ；86
DCD NMIException ；87
DCD HardFaultException ；88
DCD MemManageException ；89
DCD BusFaultException ；90
DCD UsageFaultException ；91
DCD 0 ；92
DCD 0 ；93
DCD 0 ；94
DCD 0 ；95
DCD SVCHandler ；96
DCD DebugMonitor ；97
DCD 0 ；98
DCD PendSVC ；99
DCD SysTickHandler ；100
DCD WWDG_IRQHandler ；101
DCD PVD_IRQHandler ；102
DCD TAMPER_IRQHandler ；103
DCD RTC_IRQHandler ；104
DCD FLASH_IRQHandler ；105
DCD RCC_IRQHandler ；106
DCD EXTI0_IRQHandler ；107
DCD EXTI1_IRQHandler ；108
DCD EXTI2_IRQHandler ；109
DCD EXTI3_IRQHandler ；110
DCD EXTI4_IRQHandler ；111
DCD DMA1_Channel1_IRQHandler ；112
DCD DMA1_Channel2_IRQHandler ；113
DCD DMA1_Channel3_IRQHandler ；114
DCD DMA1_Channel4_IRQHandler ；115
DCD DMA1_Channel5_IRQHandler ；116
DCD DMA1_Channel6_IRQHandler ；117
DCD DMA1_Channel7_IRQHandler ；118
DCD ADC1_2_IRQHandler ；119
DCD USB_HP_CAN_TX_IRQHandler ；120
DCD USB_LP_CAN_RX0_IRQHandler ；121
DCD CAN_RX1_IRQHandler ；122
DCD CAN_SCE_IRQHandler ；123
DCD EXTI9_5_IRQHandler ；124
DCD TIM1_BRK_IRQHandler ；125
DCD TIM1_UP_IRQHandler ；126
DCD TIM1_TRG_COM_IRQHandler ；127
DCD TIM1_CC_IRQHandler ；128
DCD TIM2_IRQHandler ；129
DCD TIM3_IRQHandler ；130
DCD TIM4_IRQHandler ；131
DCD I2C1_EV_IRQHandler ；132
DCD I2C1_ER_IRQHandler ；133
DCD I2C2_EV_IRQHandler ；134
DCD I2C2_ER_IRQHandler ；135
DCD SPI1_IRQHandler ；136
DCD SPI2_IRQHandler ；137
DCD USART1_IRQHandler ；138
DCD USART2_IRQHandler ；139
DCD USART3_IRQHandler ；140
DCD EXTI15_10_IRQHandler ；141
DCD RTCAlarm_IRQHandler ；142
DCD USBWakeUp_IRQHandler ；143
DCD TIM8_BRK_IRQHandler ；144
DCD TIM8_UP_IRQHandler ；145
DCD TIM8_TRG_COM_IRQHandler ；146
DCD TIM8_CC_IRQHandler ；147
DCD ADC3_IRQHandler ；148
DCD FSMC_IRQHandler ；149
DCD SDIO_IRQHandler ；150
DCD TIM5_IRQHandler ；151
DCD SPI3_IRQHandler ；152
DCD UART4_IRQHandler ；153
DCD UART5_IRQHandler ；154
DCD TIM6_IRQHandler ；155
DCD TIM7_IRQHandler ；156
DCD DMA2_Channel1_IRQHandler ；157
DCD DMA2_Channel2_IRQHandler ；158
DCD DMA2_Channel3_IRQHandler ；159
DCD DMA2_Channel4_5_IRQHandler ；160
AREA |.text|, CODE, READONLY ；161
Reset_Handler PROC ；162
EXPORT Reset_Handler ；163
IF DATA_IN_ExtSRAM ==

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