- UID
- 1029342
- 性别
- 男
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Gtk+使用glade进行界面设计能有效地加快项目进度和提高程序的可维护性。
自从gtk2.12,Gtk+已经内建了GtkBuilder,用以代替使用glade编写的程序所依赖的libglade库文件。
下面介绍如何使用GtkBuilder写一个最基本的界面。
1. 使用glade设计Gtk+界面,保存为glade文件
$ ls
fsf.glade stallman.jpg
$ |
2. 用gtk-builder-convert脚本(gtk+2.0默认安装该脚本)将glade代码转换成支持GtkBuilder的代码
$ gtk-builder-convert fsf.glade fsf.ui
Wrote fsf.ui
$ ls
fsf.glade fsf.ui stallman.jpg
$ cat fsf.ui
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!--Generated with glade3 3.4.5 on Sun Nov 29 12:39:11 2009 -->
<interface>
<object class="GtkWindow" id="window1">
<child>
<object class="GtkVBox" id="vbox1">
<property name="visible">True</property>
<child>
<object class="GtkImage" id="image1">
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="pixbuf">stallman.jpg</property>
</object>
</child>
<child>
<object class="GtkLabel" id="label1">
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="label" translatable="yes">Richard Stallman</property>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="position">1</property>
</packing>
</child>
</object>
</child>
</object>
</interface>
$
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3. 编写程序,调用GtkBuilder
$ ls
fsf.c fsf.glade fsf.ui Makefile stallman.jpg
$ cat Makefile
all:
gcc `pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-2.0` fsf.c
clean:
rm -f *~ a.out
$ cat fsf.c
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
static void window_close(GtkWidget *widget,gpointer data)
{
gtk_main_quit();
}
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
GtkBuilder *builder;
GError *error;
GtkWidget *window;
gtk_init(&argc,&argv);
builder=gtk_builder_new();
gtk_builder_add_from_file(builder,"fsf.ui",&error);
window=GTK_WIDGET(gtk_builder_get_object(builder,"window1"));
g_object_unref(G_OBJECT(builder));
g_signal_connect(window,"destroy",G_CALLBACK(window_close),NULL);
gtk_widget_show_all(window);
gtk_main();
return 0;
}
$
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4. 编译出可执行程序,运行
$ make
gcc `pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-2.0` fsf.c
$ ./a.out |
效果如下图:
题外话:
我是在阅读cheese的源代码中发现gtkbuilder的,然后又发现了个东西
"pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-2.0"这一句是怎么得到的?
$ ls /usr/lib/pkgconfig/gtk+-2.0.pc
/usr/lib/pkgconfig/gtk+-2.0.pc
$ cat /usr/lib/pkgconfig/gtk+-2.0.pc
prefix=/usr
exec_prefix=${prefix}
libdir=/usr/lib
includedir=${prefix}/include
target=x11
gtk_binary_version=2.10.0
gtk_host=i486-pc-linux-gnu
Name: GTK+
Description: GIMP Tool Kit (${target} target)
Version: 2.12.12
Requires: gdk-${target}-2.0 atk cairo
Libs: -L${libdir} -lgtk-${target}-2.0
Cflags: -I${includedir}/gtk-2.0
$ |
呵呵,这下明白了吧
比如说编译调用了gstreamer库的程序,就可以使用
pkg-config --cflags --libs gstreamer-0.10
pkgconfig的默认目录/usr/lib/pkgconfig下有gstreamer-0.10.pc这一数据文件
$ ls /usr/lib/pkgconfig/gstreamer-0.10.pc
/usr/lib/pkgconfig/gstreamer-0.10.pc
$ |
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