什么是乒乓效应？ 效应, 乒乓

baikeeditor

birthday

移动通信系统中，如果在一定区域里两基站信号强度剧烈变化,手机就会在两个基站间来回切换,产生所谓的"乒乓效应"。

happycheng

嗯，学习啦。
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不是我的错

还有这种事！以前都不知道·怪不得

pcbmy789

嗯，这个貌似有点像打乒乓。

lilulu

看看啊
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电子工匠

1# baikeeditor 第一次听说这个名词 看来我太落后 学习了

lilulu

看看啊
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菲主流

1# baikeeditor 连连

free_bsd

这个效应对普通用户来说有什么不好的地方，如何观察到这个现象，谢谢！

pcb51long

两个基站间来回切换,产生所谓的"乒乓效应"。
哦，原来是这么回事儿啊，

不是我的错

乒乓球吗？

nanfranklin

2# birthday 那辐射会不会很大呢？

lilulu

又来咯  学习啊
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电子工匠

1# baikeeditor
在基站下载的参数文件中有两个参数需要我们注意，即“ 再呼叫型区间切换处理电平”(参考值：23dB)和“再呼叫型区间切换区域的选择电平”(参考值：32dB)。这两个参数表示在通话时，当手机接收到原基站的信号强度降到23dB时，手机发起申请，要求做基站间的切换（Handover）,即切换到下一个基站上通话。但下一个基站信号必须在32dB以上，手机才能真正切换过去，否则只能在原基站上通话。之所以这两个参数间有9dB的差值，目的是防止“乒乓效应”。为说明这个问题，我们假设这两个电平值接近，比如都为23dB。此时，手机虽然可以很容易地切换到下一个基站上去，但是由于移动通信的信号有不稳定的特点，很可能刚切换过来的基站的信号又变弱，手机又开始往回切换，从而造成“乒乓效应”。这两个值相差越大，“乒乓效应”发生的可能性就越小。但太大又可能造成手机在合适的时候无法使用下一基站通话。一般情况下，我们都采用上面给出的参考值；一些特殊环境也可考虑改变这些参数。上面我们讨论的是由手机发起切换申请的情形，另外还有由基站发起申请的情形，即当基站接收手机的信号弱到一定程度（6dB），由基站通知手机做切换，如果此时手机能找到一个信号强的基站(32dB以上)，则切换到该基站上通话。造成“乒乓效应”有两种可能，一是通信信号很不稳定，二是两参数值间隔太小。有这样一个例子，某一高层楼房，外面采用日立大功率基站定向覆盖，楼内采用20mW京瓷基站覆盖。在楼房内的办公室中，当客户通话过程中如果转动身体，则手机便做频繁的切换，甚至无法通话。这是因为，开始时假如用户使用外面的基站进行通话，手机的上行信号能够经过窗口（较强）和透过墙壁（较弱）到达基站。当转动身体时，手机通过窗口的信号减弱，造成外面基站几乎收不到手机的信号，于是基站申请要手机做切换，以使用周围的比如室内基站。当用户再转动身体时，室内基站信号又变弱，室外基站信号变强，手机又往回切，造成“乒乓效应”。这里的情况主要是由于外面基站采用定向天线的天线阵阵元数目太少（基站侧的另两根全向接收天线对手机的上行信号几乎不起任何作用，因为它们在该用户方向上的接收增益非常微弱），造成下行信号在室内和上行信号在基站侧的多径衰落深度加大，信号不稳定。对于室内20mW基站，其信号强度本身就弱，并且它的天线也为简单阵元结构，本身消除多径效应的能力也很弱。所以，用户所处环境多径衰落非常明显，信号在空间上（手机侧）和时间上（基站侧）很不稳定。要解决这个问题，须将两个定向天线同时覆盖该楼房，并将另外两根全向接收天线也换成定向天线，以接收来自大楼方向的手机信号；还可以适当调高周围相关基站的两个切换参数间的差值。或者将日立基站换作京瓷基站（因京瓷基站4根天线均为发射和接收天线，可以更好的减小多径衰落；但此时基站会由于采用了定向天线，其自适应功能而被浪费掉）。在满足话务覆盖的情况下，室内的20mW基站也可以不用安装。